Bosnia lags behind the rest of the Western Balkans in terms of its strategy on countering terrorism, particularly how to handle fighters returning from foreign wars.
The COVID-19 pandemic slowed the work of Bosnia’s Missing Persons Institute in 2020 and halted it completely for two months, leading to a drop in the number of victims found compared to previous years.
Bosnia and Herzegovina marked the 25th anniversary of the Dayton Peace Accords that ended the 1990s war - but amid the pandemic, the slow process of prosecuting the crimes committed during the conflict got even slower.
Public officials are behind the overwhelming majority of defamation cases brought against Bosnian journalists, dragging them through expensive and often lengthy court proceedings that make many think twice about the stories they choose to write.
History textbooks for secondary school pupils in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s two ethnically-dominated entities and in Serbia give different accounts of what happened during the 1990s Bosnian war, further entrenching divisions through children’s education.
After Facebook banned content that denies the Holocaust, the Institute for Research of Genocide Canada has called on the social network to apply the same policy to the denial of the 1995 Srebrenica genocide.
Some war crimes trials in Bosnia and Herzegovina can last for five years or more, delaying justice even longer for victims of a conflict that ended more than two decades ago.
Websites registered in countries with large expatriate Bosnian communities often publish fake news stories containing hate speech, nationalistic narratives and propaganda, with a negative effect on social, ethnic and political relations back home, analysis by BIRN Bosnia and Herzegovina shows.
In Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo and Serbia, most of the case files and evidence from war crime trials are not immediately accessible to journalists, researchers and the general public, obscuring a crucial part of recent Balkan history.
The families of two men who were killed while fleeing their homes during the Bosnian war in 1993 have appealed to prosecutors many times to find the killers - but as the years pass and witnesses become fewer, they are losing hope.